Altitude Sickness: Prevention and Treatment

Altitude sickness, also known as Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), is a common concern when trekking in the Himalayas. Understanding how to prevent and treat it is crucial for a safe trekking experience. ## What is Altitude Sickness? Altitude sickness occurs when your body cannot adapt quickly enough to the reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes. It typically begins at elevations above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). ## Symptoms to Watch For ### Mild Symptoms - Headache - Nausea and loss of appetite - Fatigue and dizziness - Difficulty sleeping - Shortness of breath ### Severe Symptoms - Severe headache that doesnt respond to medication - Vomiting - Loss of coordination - Confusion or disorientation - Difficulty walking ## Prevention Strategies ### 1. Gradual Ascent - Ascend slowly, gaining no more than 300-500 meters per day - Take rest days every 1,000 meters gained - Listen to your body and dont push through symptoms ### 2. Proper Hydration - Drink 3-4 liters of water daily - Avoid alcohol and caffeine - Monitor urine color (should be light yellow) ### 3. Medication - Consider Diamox (acetazolamide) for prevention - Consult with a doctor before taking any medication - Start medication 1-2 days before ascent ## Treatment Options ### Immediate Actions 1. **Stop ascending** if symptoms appear 2. **Descend immediately** if symptoms are severe 3. **Rest** and allow time for acclimatization 4. **Stay hydrated** and eat light meals ### Medical Treatment - Oxygen therapy if available - Medications prescribed by a doctor - Emergency evacuation for severe cases ## High-Risk Areas in the Himalayas ### Treks Above 4,000m - Everest Base Camp Trek - Annapurna Circuit Trek - Manaslu Circuit Trek - Kanchenjunga Base Camp Trek ## Acclimatization Tips 1. **Climb High, Sleep Low**: Gain elevation during the day, descend to sleep 2. **Rest Days**: Take acclimatization days every 3-4 days 3. **Listen to Your Body**: Dont ignore symptoms 4. **Emergency Plan**: Always have a plan for rapid descent Remember, altitude sickness can be life-threatening. When in doubt, descend to a lower elevation.